If a contractor doesn't have workers compensation insurance, is the homeowner at risk?

Yes, Don’t start any work before verifying that the contractor is licensed, insured and bonded. Just to be safe

Agreed with the below answer. Would like to add that if you still have hesitations, ask the Contractor to include this in the original contract and if it was already signed, then ask them to revise for all parties to sign/initial or have them create a new one for both of you to sign outlining all of these details.