Why do construction costs vary so much geographically?

Is this mainly due to labor/salaries being more expensive in cities where cost of living is high? Or are there other costs relative to geographic location that affect the price of building. One example: a custom home build in Dallas seems to be 1/3 the cost of a custom home in San Francisco per sqft.

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Cost of land and Construction labor & materials costs that generates the high and low real estate market, East cost vs. West & North vs. South.
San Francisco land cost much higher than any other area as well as the labor & materials.

It’s mostly labor and regulatory costs. Materials are mostly the same unless you’re in Hawaii or somewhere very remote.

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When thinking about regulatory cost, is that partly because things like building permits cost more money? Or is it the procedural cost (like requiring expeditors and more review during the process)?

Building permits costs may vary, but that’s not the main issue. The issues are more inspections, more code requirements, lengthier review process, etc.

It is mainly due to costs of labor and materials in any given area

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