Why is siding on houses typically placed horizontally?

Siding is typically installed in horizontal courses that overlap each other (like shingles on a roof), in order to shed water. Proper overlapping of layers in the building envelope - sheathing, flashing, housewrap, siding - is the key strategy for keeping water out of the structure. Vertical seams are more difficult to keep weatherproof.

There are siding products that provide an attractive vertical look - a bead-board or tongue-and-groove look is common. They are typically available in sheets, and they definitely require careful installation, with particular attention to flashings and edge treatments.

design of material, never vary from manufacters installation instructions

only some soffit panels can be installed vertically.